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The following are terms and definitions from ISO 19111 - Spatial
Referencing by Coordinates and the OGC Abstract Specification, Topic 2: Spatial
Referencing by Coordinates. Use as necessary. The normative reference would
be:
ISO 19111, Geographic
Information � Spatial Referencing by Coordinates
Cheers
Carl
Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and
definitions apply. Some definitions deviate from ISO/DIS 19111, where more
universally valid definitions are provided.
4.1
Cartesian coordinate system
coordinate system which gives the position of points relative to
N mutually-perpendicular straight axes
NOTE In the context of geospatial coordinates the maximum value of
N is three.
4.2
compound coordinate reference system
coordinate system describing the position of points through two or
more independent coordinate reference systems
EXAMPLE One coordinate reference system can be a two-dimensional
horizontal coordinate system, and the other coordinate reference system can be a
vertical gravity-related height system.
4.3
concatenated transformation
sequential application of multiple
transformations
4.4
coordinate
one of a sequence of N
numbers designating the position of a point
in N-dimensional space
NOTE In a coordinate reference system, the coordinate numbers must
be qualified by units.
OGC 03-073r1
� OGC 2003 � All rights reserved 3
4.5
coordinate conversion
change of coordinates, based on a one-to-one relationship, from
one coordinate reference
system to another based on the same datum
EXAMPLE Between geodetic and Cartesian coordinate systems or
between geodetic coordinates and projected
coordinates, or change of units such as from radians to degrees or
feet to metres.
NOTE A conversion uses parameters which have specified values, not
empirically determined values.
4.6
coordinate reference system
coordinate system which is related to the real world by a
datum
NOTE For geodetic and vertical datums, it will be related to the
Earth.
4.7
coordinate system
set of (mathematical) rules for specifying how coordinates are to
be assigned to points
NOTE 1 One coordinate system may be used in many coordinate
reference systems.
NOTE 2 The geometric properties of a coordinate space determine
how distances and angles between
points are calculated from the coordinates. For example, in an
ellipsoidal (2D) space distances are defined
as curves on the surface of the ellipsoid, whereas in a Euclidean
plane as used for projected CRS distance is
the length of a straight line between two points. The mathematical
rules that determine distances and angles
are calculated from coordinates and vice versa are comprised in
the concept of coordinate system.
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